Wroxeter is a village in Shropshire,
England around 15 minutes from Shrewsbury town centre. It forms part of the
civil parish of Wroxeter and Uppington and is located besides the River Severn, about 5 miles
south-east of Shrewsbury. It is best known for its impressive excavated remains
of the Roman city of Viroconium Cornoviorum, which was the fourth largest
civitas capital in Roman Britain. The site of the city is one of the few of
Roman Britain that remains free from the later building and it is gradually
being excavated.
History of Wroexter Roman City
In Roman times Wroxeter was strategically
located near the end of the Watling Street Roman road that ran across England
from Dubris (Roman Dover). During the early years, this was a key frontier
position lying on the bank of the Severn river whose valley penetrated deep
into Wales and also on a route to the south leading to the Wye valley. Archaeology
has shown that the site of the later city first was established about ad 55 as
a frontier post for a Thracian legionary cohort located at a fort near the
Severn river crossing. A few years later a legionary fortress (castrum) was
built within the site of the later city for the Legio XIV Gemina during their
invasion of Wales. The local British tribe of the Cornovii had their original
capital (also thought to have been named *Uiroconion) at the hillfort on the
Wrekin. When the Cornovii were eventually subdued their capital was moved to
Wroxeter and given its Roman name. This legion XIV Gemina was later replaced by
the Legio XX Valeria Victrix which in turn relocated to Chester around 88 AD.
As the military abandoned the fortress the site was taken over by the Cornovians'
civilian settlement. The Roman city was rediscovered in 1859 when workmen began
excavating the baths complex. A replica Roman villa was constructed in 2010 for
a Channel 4 television programme called Rome Wasn't Built in a Day and was
opened to the public on 19 February 2011.
The
Roman City is only 15 minutes away from Shrewsbury town centre